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OPINION POLL (P 05-3)

Dong-A Ilbo Opinion Poll: Special Research on Chinese Attitudes toward Japan and Other Nations

Dates Conducted

March 15-31, 2005

Released

April 26, 2005

Methodology

This survey research was conducted as part of a joint research survey with Asahi Shimbun of Japan and The Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS).

The following survey research was conducted by World Research Center in the CASS. The Research Center conducted face-to-face interviews with 2,160 Chinese adults, aged 20 and older (the margin of error is +/- 2.1 percent).

The Mansfield Foundation selected 34 relevant questions from the survey to translate into English. The Foundation used a version of Korean translation provided by Dong-A Ilbo. A similar survey was conducted in Korea and Japan.

Key Issues

* China’s relations with the United States, Japan and Korea.
* Prospect of China’s economic growth
* Perceptions on Japan and North Korea

Link to Source

http://www.donga.com/fbin/output?f=aps&n=200504260247&main=1

Use of this poll is subject to the Mansfield Foundation Terms of Use.

Overall opinion of foreign countries

1. Is your overall opinion of the United States favorable or unfavorable?

Group	Favorable	Unfavorable	Neither	Don't know	Total
Overall	18.3	39.8	40.6	1.3	100.0
Male	19.1	42.2	37.4	1.2	100.0
Female	17.4	37.1	44.2	1.2	100.0
20's	19.7	37.4	41.9	1.0	100.0
30's	20.7	39.6	38.4	1.3	100.0
40's	19.6	38.7	41.3	0.4	100.0
50's	12.5	41.5	43.8	2.2	100.0
60's and older	11.8	48.2	37.9	2.1	100.0
Middle School Graduate or Lower	12.0	46.0	39.5	2.5	100.0
High School Graduate	20.4	39.2	39.3	1.0	100.0
College or higher	21.9	34.3	43.7	0.2	100.0

2. Is your overall opinion of Japan favorable or unfavorable?

Group	Favorable	Unfavorable	Neither	Don't know	Total
Overall	7.8	64.1	26.8	1.3	100.0
Male	7.5	68.8	22.3	1.4	100.0
Female	8.1	58.9	31.7	1.4	100.0
20's	10.6	64.1	24.4	0.9	100.0
30's	5.9	66.1	26.4	1.6	100.0
40's	8.9	58.3	32.0	0.8	100.0
50's	6.3	62.9	28.3	2.6	100.0
60's and older	4.6	73.8	19.5	2.1	100.0
Middle School Graduate or Lower	6.1	61.6	29.7	2.6	100.0
High School Graduate	8.5	63.8	26.4	1.2	100.0
College or higher	8.5	67.0	24.2	0.3	100.0

3. Is your overall opinion of South Korea favorable or unfavorable?

Group	Favorable	Unfavorable	Neither	Don't know	Total
Overall	46.5	7.3	45.2	1.0	100.0
Male	45.1	9.0	45.0	1.0	100.0
Female	48.1	5.4	45.4	1.1	100.0
20's	54.7	7.2	37.4	0.7	100.0
30's	45.8	6.5	47.1	0.7	100.0
40's	44.3	7.3	47.6	0.8	100.0
50's	41.2	9.2	47.4	2.2	100.0
60's and older	37.4	7.2	53.3	2.1	100.0
Middle School Graduate or Lower	38.1	8.2	51.3	2.3	100.0
High School Graduate	49.3	6.4	43.7	0.6	100.0
College or higher	51.2	7.5	41.0	0.3	100.0

4. What is your opinion of North Korea? Is it favorable or unfavorable?

Group	Favorable	Unfavorable	Neither	Don't know	Total
Overall	37.7	9.1	52.0	1.2	100.0
Male	42.6	10.1	46.2	1.1	100.0
Female	32.3	8.0	58.5	1.3	100.0
20's	34.0	8.9	56.4	0.7	100.0
30's	38.8	8.3	51.8	1.1	100.0
40's	37.2	10.9	51.2	0.6	100.0
50's	37.1	8.5	51.8	2.6	100.0
60's and older	47.2	8.7	42.1	2.1	100.0
Middle School Graduate or Lower	44.6	7.3	45.9	2.2	100.0
High School Graduate	38.1	8.5	52.4	1.0	100.0
College or higher	30.0	11.8	57.9	0.3	100.0

Threat perception

5. Which country do you feel is most threatening to the security of China? Please choose one.

Group	US	Russia	Japan	South Korea	North Korea	India	Vietnam	Others	No specific threat	Don't know /No response	Total
Overall	72.7	0.9	19.4	0.1	0.4	1.2	0.2	0.6	1.2	3.3	100.0
Male	68.9	0.9	23.0	0.1	0.7	2.0	0.1	0.6	1.1	2.6	100.0
Female	77.0	0.9	15.3	0.1	0.1	0.3	0.3	0.6	1.3	4.2	100.0
20's	74.2	0.5	19.1	0.0	0.3	2.1	0.2	0.5	1.0	2.1	100.0
30's	72.6	0.7	19.9	0.2	0.2	1.3	0.2	0.5	1.0	3.6	100.0
40's	73.1	1.0	18.6	0.2	0.8	1.2	0.2	1.0	1.2	2.6	100.0
50's	74.3	1.5	18.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.7	1.1	3.7	100.0
60's and older	65.6	1.5	21.0	0.0	1.0	0.0	0.5	0.0	2.6	7.7	100.0
Middle School Graduate or Lower	72.3	0.8	15.6	0.3	0.6	0.2	0.5	0.5	1.4	7.9	100.0
High School Graduate	78.4	0.8	16.0	0.0	0.2	1.2	0.1	0.7	0.8	1.8	100.0
College or higher	65.1	1.1	28.1	0.0	0.5	2.2	0.0	0.6	1.6	0.8	100.0

6. Name one country that you think China should have friendly relations with.

US	27.9
Russia	32.4
UK	1.8
Japan	7.6
South Korea	8.5
North Korea	6.7
India	1.6
France	2.1
Others	6.3
No specific country	0.4
don't know/ No response	4.7
Total (%)	100.0

Perceptions of countries in the region

7. Do you think China-Japan relations are going well?

Group	Yes	No	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	22.8	74.6	2.6	100.0
Male	18.4	79.5	2.0	100.0
Female	27.7	69.1	3.2	100.0
20's	23.6	74.9	1.5	100.0
30's	21.7	75.9	2.4	100.0
40's	24.3	73.9	1.8	100.0
50's	21.7	73.9	4.4	100.0
60's or older	22.1	72.3	5.6	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	25.8	68.9	5.3	100.0
High School graduate	23.4	74.3	2.4	100.0
College or higher	19.0	80.9	0.2	100.0

8. Do you think China-South Korea relations are going well?

Group	Yes	No	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	81.8	15.6	2.6	100.0
Male	80.2	17.7	2.1	100.0
Female	83.6	13.4	3.0	100.0
20's	85.5	13.7	0.9	100.0
30's	82.6	15.5	2.0	100.0
40's	82.0	16.4	1.6	100.0
50's	76.5	18.0	5.5	100.0
60's or older	75.4	16.9	7.7	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	75.0	18.0	7.0	100.0
High School graduate	84.3	14.9	0.8	100.0
College or higher	85.3	14.2	0.5	100.0

9. What kind of information about South Korea are you particularly interested in? Choose two among following choices.

Group	Economy	Politics/ Diplomacy	Korean goods	Science/ Technology	Food/ Health	Entertainment/ Sports	Tourism	History/ Culture	Society/ Social Events	Don't Know/ No response
Overall	34.7	28.9	26.7	23.4	18.1	17.6	15.8	12.4	12.2	2.5
Male	38.6	34.6	20.8	27.2	12.3	18.4	14.1	11.7	12.7	2.1
Female	30.3	22.6	33.1	19.2	24.4	16.7	17.6	13.1	11.7	2.8
20's	29.7	26.5	32.8	21.4	20.0	22.7	16.8	12.1	13.2	0.5
30's	36.2	32.1	25.2	20.8	17.8	16.6	16.8	12.7	14.0	1.6
40's	37.4	29.1	28.3	26.1	18.0	13.6	14.0	12.8	10.9	2.4
50's	37.1	26.1	19.1	27.2	15.4	17.6	14.0	11.8	10.3	5.9
60's or older	34.4	29.2	19.0	25.1	16.9	15.4	16.9	11.8	9.7	6.2
Middle School gradueate or lower	30.9	26.6	21.6	25.3	17.1	14.3	12.6	13.5	14.2	6.2
High School graduate	35.1	30.2	28.7	22.9	19.0	17.3	17.3	10.8	11.3	1.5
College or higher	38.0	29.3	29.0	22.0	17.7	21.4	16.9	13.4	11.5	0.0

10. What kind of information about Japan are you particularly interested in? Choose two among following choices.

Group	Politics/ Diplomacy	Science/ Technology	Economy	Society/ Social Events	Japanese goods	History/ Culture	Food/ Health	Tourism	Entertainment/ Sports	Don't Know/ No response
Overall	42.1	33.6	29.5	21.6	19.5	14.9	12.9	10.0	6.4	2.0
Male	47.9	37.1	32.5	22.5	16.0	14.6	8.0	6.7	6.2	1.4
Female	35.7	29.6	26.2	20.7	23.4	15.2	18.2	13.7	6.7	2.6
20's	41.9	36.8	27.0	23.2	21.0	12.3	14.9	10.4	7.0	0.9
30's	47.6	32.6	29.6	24.9	16.6	16.1	10.4	10.1	4.9	1.0
40's	41.1	31.8	31.0	20.0	23.5	16.0	13.4	7.9	7.7	1.6
50's	34.2	31.3	32.4	17.3	15.8	15.1	14.7	12.9	6.6	5.1
60's or older	39.0	34.9	29.2	16.4	19.0	15.4	10.8	10.3	6.2	5.1
Middle School gradueate or lower	37.3	30.2	27.5	19.3	20.2	13.2	13.7	10.4	6.2	5.4
High School graduate	40.0	35.6	30.6	21.8	19.6	16.3	12.8	9.9	6.9	0.9
College or higher	49.9	34.1	30.1	23.8	18.7	14.5	12.1	9.9	6.1	0.0

11. What do you think of the current economic situation in China?

Group	Very Good	Good	Bad	Very Bad	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	8.8	69.2	18.1	2.9	1.0	100.0
Male	9.3	68.3	18.2	3.4	0.8	100.0
Female	8.1	70.3	17.9	2.3	1.4	100.0
20's	7.4	66.7	22.7	2.1	1.2	100.0
30's	8.8	67.6	19.7	3.1	0.8	100.0
40's	9.3	70.9	15.4	4.0	0.4	100.0
50's	9.6	69.9	15.8	3.3	1.5	100.0
60's or older	10.3	76.9	8.7	1.5	2.6	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	13.1	68.9	12.1	3.7	2.2	100.0
High School graduate	8.7	68.2	19.3	3.0	0.8	100.0
College or higher	4.5	71.0	22.3	1.9	0.3	100.0

12. Which country or region do you think will be the most important for China’s economy in the future?

Group	US	Japan	South Korea	Southeast Asia	EU	Others	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	37.5	6.0	5.8	16.3	28.9	3.4	2.1	100.0
Male	36.3	5.8	5.1	16.0	32.9	2.6	1.3	100.0
Female	38.8	6.1	6.5	16.8	24.6	4.4	2.8	100.0
20's	30.3	5.5	5.6	18.5	36.4	2.9	0.9	100.0
30's	37.3	5.2	5.4	14.8	33.1	2.9	1.3	100.0
40's	42.3	6.5	5.3	17.6	23.3	3.2	1.8	100.0
50's	43.0	5.9	7.4	13.6	21.3	4.4	4.4	100.0
60's or older	40.0	8.7	6.7	15.4	18.5	5.6	5.1	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	39.7	6.1	8.6	15.1	18.4	6.7	5.6	100.0
High School graduate	37.2	6.5	5.2	18.1	29.8	2.6	0.7	100.0
College or higher	35.7	5.1	3.8	15.2	38.6	1.3	0.3	100.0

13. Do you feel in your daily life that China’s economic relations with Japan and South Korea have been deepened over the last 5 years?

Group	Very much so	To some extent	Not much so	Not at all	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	10.4	71.1	14.3	2.1	2.0	100.0
Male	10.7	72.3	13.9	1.8	1.3	100.0
Female	10.1	69.8	14.7	2.5	2.8	100.0
20's	12.1	73.2	12.1	1.7	0.9	100.0
30's	9.9	71.3	15.5	1.8	1.5	100.0
40's	9.3	72.3	14.0	2.0	2.4	100.0
50's	9.9	69.5	14.7	2.2	3.7	100.0
60's or older	10.3	63.6	17.4	4.6	4.1	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	9.8	64.4	17.0	3.9	5.0	100.0
High School graduate	10.3	73.9	13.1	1.3	1.2	100.0
College or higher	11.2	74.0	13.2	1.4	0.2	100.0

14. Choose one among following that has increased the most in your life with respect to South Korea for the last 5 years.

Group	Personal contacts with South Koreans	Buying South Korean goods	Watching South Korean movies/TV dramas	Not especially increased	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	12.1	18.8	57.0	10.5	1.6	100.0
Male	14.9	21.2	51.9	10.8	1.1	100.0
Female	9.1	16.2	62.7	10.0	2.0	100.0
20's	10.4	19.5	66.3	3.2	0.5	100.0
30's	12.5	18.4	61.1	7.0	1.0	100.0
40's	12.1	20.9	53.6	11.5	1.8	100.0
50's	12.5	16.5	44.5	23.2	3.3	100.0
60's or older	15.4	15.9	42.6	22.6	3.6	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	13.5	15.1	47.9	19.3	4.2	100.0
High School graduate	12.9	20.1	58.0	8.3	0.7	100.0
College or higher	9.6	20.7	65.1	4.5	0.2	100.0

15. Choose one among following that has increased the most in your life with respect to Japan for the last 5 years.

Group	Personal contacts with Japanese people	Buying Japanese goods	Watching Japanese movies/TV dramas	Not especially increased	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	16.5	30.1	19.6	32.6	1.2	100.0
Male	17.7	33.2	15.9	32.4	0.9	100.0
Female	15.1	26.8	23.8	32.9	1.4	100.0
20's	16.2	31.5	23.8	28.5	0.0	100.0
30's	17.3	28.5	21.3	31.9	1.0	100.0
40's	16.4	32.6	17.8	31.8	1.4	100.0
50's	15.1	29.4	14.3	39.0	2.2	100.0
60's or older	16.9	26.2	13.8	40.5	2.6	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	14.9	26.3	20.8	35.5	2.5	100.0
High School graduate	18.9	29.7	18.2	32.5	0.8	100.0
College or higher	14.7	34.8	20.4	30.0	0.2	100.0

Prospect of China’s economic growth and regional implications

16. Do you think economic growth of China will favorably or negatively affect the economies of Japan and South Korea?

Group	Favorably	Negatively	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	72.8	23.3	3.9	100.0
Male	75.7	21.1	3.3	100.0
Female	69.7	25.8	4.5	100.0
20's	73.7	24.1	2.2	100.0
30's	75.1	21.7	3.3	100.0
40's	71.7	25.1	3.2	100.0
50's	69.5	24.3	6.3	100.0
60's or older	70.8	20.5	8.7	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	62.4	28.5	9.2	100.0
High School graduate	75.3	22.2	2.5	100.0
College or higher	80.1	19.6	0.3	100.0

17. Currently, China is the seventh largest economic power in the world in terms of its GDP. Do you believe that China is likely to be the world’s greatest economic power? Please choose one among the choices.

Group	Yes, within 10 years	Within 25 years	Less than 50 years	50 years or later	Never	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	14.2	19.6	19.2	20.6	25.5	0.9	100.0
Male	11.0	18.1	20.5	22.8	27.0	0.7	100.0
Female	11.7	21.2	17.8	18.3	23.8	1.1	100.0
20's	12.3	17.3	23.2	25.5	21.0	0.7	100.0
30's	13.2	21.2	19.5	21.5	24.3	0.3	100.0
40's	14.2	20.6	17.8	18.4	28.1	0.8	100.0
50's	18.8	19.9	14.3	15.8	30.1	1.1	100.0
60's or older	16.9	18.5	16.4	15.9	29.2	3.1	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	23.5	22.6	15.9	15.1	21.0	2.0	100.0
High School graduate	12.2	21.8	20.3	19.4	25.7	0.4	100.0
College or higher	7.5	13.4	21.1	28.1	29.7	0.3	100.0

18. If you feel worried about China’s economic development, which of the following is the closest to your concerns?

Group	Price rise	Widening disparity in wealth	Unemployment	Degrading public security	Economic disparities among regions	Moral decadence	Environmental degradation	No worries	Don't Know/ No response	Total
Overall	21.0	36.6	14.6	7.5	2.4	6.4	10.0	1.1	0.4	100.0
Male	17.2	40.6	12.8	8.2	3.0	6.3	10.2	1.2	0.4	100.0
Female	25.1	32.2	16.6	6.7	1.8	6.5	9.7	0.9	0.5	100.0
20's	14.0	37.6	16.8	5.6	3.9	8.4	12.8	0.5	0.3	100.0
30's	19.1	39.3	14.2	6.8	2.3	5.9	11.1	1.3	0.2	100.0
40's	26.1	33.6	16.6	8.1	1.6	3.2	9.7	0.6	0.4	100.0
50's	29.0	33.1	12.1	9.2	1.1	8.5	5.1	1.1	0.7	100.0
60's or older	23.6	37.4	7.7	11.3	2.1	7.7	5.6	3.1	1.5	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	29.1	32.3	12.3	8.6	1.2	5.4	6.8	2.8	1.4	100.0
High School graduate	21.6	37.9	16.9	7.2	2.0	4.5	9.6	0.4	0.0	100.0
College or higher	11.8	39.1	13.7	6.9	4.1	10.2	13.9	0.2	0.2	100.0

19. As part of its assistance to developing countries, Japan has carried out its Official Development Assistance (ODA) program. This program provides China with funds and technological aid, which is equivalent to ¥ 33,000. Do you know about this? (yes, I know some cases/ yes, I know a case/ I don’t know about it at all)

Group	Yes, I know some cases	Yes, I know one case	Don't know at all	No response	Total
Overall	2.0	31.6	65.6	0.8	100.0
Male	2.8	37.5	58.8	0.9	100.0
Female	1.1	25.0	73.2	0.7	100.0
20's	1.4	31.5	66.5	0.7	100.0
30's	2.1	37.0	60.3	0.7	100.0
40's	2.0	32.4	65.6	0.0	100.0
50's	1.5	22.4	75.0	1.1	100.0
60's or older	4.1	25.6	67.2	3.1	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	0.8	16.6	81.0	1.6	100.0
High School graduate	1.5	33.7	64.4	0.4	100.0
College or higher	4.0	43.9	51.7	0.5	100.0

20. As China’s economy advances, Japan has reduced its ODA support in China. Do you approve the reduction of ODA by Japan or oppose it?
(Approve/oppose/don’t know)

Group	Approve	Oppose	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	25.7	66.8	7.5	100.0
Male	27.2	66.8	6.0	100.0
Female	24.0	66.8	9.3	100.0
20's	30.3	65.5	4.3	100.0
30's	25.1	68.7	6.2	100.0
40's	23.9	67.0	9.1	100.0
50's	22.8	65.4	11.8	100.0
60's or older	22.6	65.6	11.8	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	20.7	64.7	14.6	100.0
High School graduate	24.3	69.8	6.0	100.0
College or higher	32.9	64.6	2.6	100.0

21. What factors do you think will threaten peace and stability in East Asia – including Southeast Asia? Choose two among choices.

Group	China/Taiwan relations	Presence of US Forces	Territorial Disputes	Japanese military power	International terrorism	the Korean Peninsula	Chinese Military power	Don't Know/ No response
Overall	67.2	32.5	21.9	20.4	19.7	11.3	10.5	1.4
Male	67.8	31.5	20.9	24.4	16.2	14.2	9.7	0.7
Female	66.6	33.3	22.9	16.0	23.6	8.2	11.3	2.1
20's	68.4	33.3	21.5	22.2	22.4	7.9	10.1	0.5
30's	65.5	31.9	21.0	21.8	19.2	14.0	11.4	0.7
40's	71.5	30.6	22.3	19.2	16.6	10.9	11.5	1.4
50's	64.7	35.3	21.0	18.0	22.1	11.0	8.5	2.6
60's or older	62.1	33.3	25.6	16.9	17.9	14.9	8.7	4.6
Middle School gradueate or lower	62.1	35.3	21.0	13.2	21.3	10.1	12.0	3.7
High School graduate	69.9	32.5	22.5	19.1	19.0	12.0	11.2	0.7
College or higher	68.7	29.8	21.9	29.7	19.1	11.6	7.8	0.0

22. Which areas do you believe are the most important for developing interdependence among East Asian countries? Please choose two among choices.

Group	Trade/ Investment	Security	Education	Science/ Technology/ Medical Service	Environmental measures	Movement of labor	Don't Know/ No response
Overall	62.5	36.3	30.1	28.8	13.4	13.1	2.3
Male	66.5	38.4	25.3	28.0	14.6	12.3	2.0
Female	58.0	33.9	35.4	29.8	12.1	13.9	2.5
20's	66.5	28.0	36.4	27.4	16.8	13.7	0.7
30's	64.2	38.9	29.8	29.2	12.1	12.2	0.8
40's	63.0	41.7	28.1	28.7	12.6	11.1	1.8
50's	53.7	38.6	25.7	26.5	14.0	16.5	5.5
60's or older	55.9	35.4	23.1	35.9	8.7	13.8	8.2
Middle School gradueate or lower	50.5	36.2	30.6	30.5	10.7	12.8	6.4
High School graduate	65.1	37.3	28.8	30.3	13.8	13.4	0.9
College or higher	71.0	34.8	31.4	25.0	15.5	12.9	0.0

Perception on Japan’s increasing role

23. The UN is now trying to reform its Security Council structure by increasing the number of its permanent members. Do you support or oppose Japan’s being a new member of the UN Security Council?

Group	Approve	Oppose	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	12.7	84.3	3.0	100.0
Male	12.5	84.8	2.6	100.0
Female	12.9	83.6	3.5	100.0
20's	14.4	83.2	2.4	100.0
30's	10.3	87.6	2.1	100.0
40's	13.8	83.4	2.8	100.0
50's	13.2	82.4	4.4	100.0
60's or older	11.8	81.5	6.7	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	13.7	79.9	6.4	100.0
High School graduate	10.6	87.1	2.4	100.0
College or higher	14.7	84.7	0.6	100.0

24. Currently, Japanese Self Defense Forces (SDF) participate in operations other than combat overseas such as humanitarian support and Iraqi rehabilitation. Do you support or oppose SDF’s operations overseas?

Group	Approve	Oppose	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	4.3	92.6	3.1	100.0
Male	4.1	93.4	2.5	100.0
Female	4.5	91.8	3.7	100.0
20's	4.4	93.7	1.9	100.0
30's	4.2	93.3	2.4	100.0
40's	4.9	92.7	2.4	100.0
50's	4.0	90.8	5.1	100.0
60's or older	3.1	89.7	7.2	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	5.6	87.9	6.5	100.0
High School graduate	3.7	94.2	2.1	100.0
College or higher	3.8	95.4	0.8	100.0

Perception on the Koreas

25. Do you believe the two Koreas will be re-unified?

Group	Yes	No	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	62.1	35.7	2.2	100.0
Male	62.6	35.4	2.0	100.0
Female	61.5	36.2	2.3	100.0
20's	60.3	38.5	1.2	100.0
30's	58.8	40.1	1.1	100.0
40's	62.6	35.2	2.2	100.0
50's	62.1	32.7	5.1	100.0
60's or older	76.4	19.5	4.1	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	58.9	36.7	4.4	100.0
High School graduate	63.0	34.9	2.0	100.0
College or higher	64.0	35.9	0.2	100.0

26. Choose one among the following choices that best describes your first impression of North Korea.

Group	Development of nuclear weapons	Kidnapping Japanese/South Koreans	Spy boats/ Spy agents	Separated families	Refugees	Famine/ Lack of food	Human rights issues	Don't Know/ No response	Total
Overall	43.5	1.6	1.4	8.5	12.3	17.5	12.7	2.5	100.0
Male	49.2	1.7	1.2	6.4	9.3	18.4	12.0	1.7	100.0
Female	37.1	1.6	1.6	10.8	15.5	16.4	13.5	3.6	100.0
20's	47.7	1.2	1.7	8.7	14.7	14.9	10.1	1.0	100.0
30's	45.6	2.1	1.6	8.6	11.6	15.6	13.8	1.0	100.0
40's	43.7	2.0	1.0	8.3	10.9	18.6	13.4	2.0	100.0
50's	33.8	0.4	1.1	9.9	13.2	20.2	13.2	8.1	100.0
60's or older	36.9	2.1	1.0	6.2	9.2	24.1	14.4	6.2	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	36.2	1.4	1.4	8.2	14.0	19.4	12.8	6.5	100.0
High School graduate	45.2	2.1	1.3	9.4	10.8	15.7	14.0	1.3	100.0
College or higher	48.5	1.1	1.4	7.5	12.6	17.9	10.7	0.3	100.0

27. How much do you feel threatened by the North Korean nuclear development?

Group	Very much	To some extent	Not much	Not at all	Don¡¯t know/ No response	Total
Overall	7.3	32.2	49.5	9.9	1.1	100.0
Male	8.5	32.6	47.6	10.1	1.2	100.0
Female	5.9	31.7	51.6	9.6	1.2	100.0
20's	5.8	38.5	48.0	6.5	1.2	100.0
30's	7.0	31.4	51.8	9.3	0.5	100.0
40's	7.1	32.2	49.6	10.7	0.4	100.0
50's	8.8	26.5	48.5	14.3	1.8	100.0
60's or older	10.8	23.6	47.7	13.3	4.6	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	9.2	26.4	46.3	14.9	3.1	100.0
High School graduate	7.4	33.9	49.4	8.7	0.6	100.0
College or higher	5.1	35.6	52.8	6.4	0.2	100.0

28. What do you think the neighboring countries should do with regard to North Korean problems including the North’s nuclear development and kidnapping of foreign civilians? Should countries continue talks with North Korea to use diplomatic means or apply more coercive means such as economic sanctions?

Group	Should continue talks and use diplomatic means	Should apply hard-lined policy including economic sanctions	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	85.5	12.3	2.2	100.0
Male	86.7	11.6	1.8	100.0
Female	84.1	13.2	2.7	100.0
20's	83.6	14.9	1.5	100.0
30's	85.2	13.5	1.3	100.0
40's	87.9	11.1	1.0	100.0
50's	85.7	10.3	4.0	100.0
60's or older	85.6	6.7	7.7	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	83.5	11.2	5.3	100.0
High School graduate	84.7	13.8	1.5	100.0
College or higher	88.5	11.3	0.2	100.0

China-Japan relations

29. How important do you think the unresolved historical issues are to China-Japan relations?

Group	Very important	Somewhat important	Not very important	Not important at all	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	62.8	29.1	6.2	1.1	0.8	100.0
Male	65.3	26.6	6.4	1.0	0.6	100.0
Female	60.0	31.8	5.9	1.2	1.1	100.0
20's	65.8	26.7	6.3	0.9	0.3	100.0
30's	63.2	30.0	5.7	0.7	0.5	100.0
40's	55.1	34.0	8.1	1.8	1.0	100.0
50's	63.6	26.5	7.0	1.5	1.5	100.0
60's or older	71.3	24.6	1.5	0.5	2.1	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	59.6	29.9	7.0	1.6	2.0	100.0
High School graduate	61.0	31.2	6.7	0.7	0.3	100.0
College or higher	68.7	25.2	4.6	1.1	0.3	100.0

30. Japanese Prime Minister Koizumi has visited and paid tribute at the Yaskuni Shrine every year since taking office. Do you support or oppose PM Koizumi’s visit to the Yasukuni Shrine?

Group	Approve	Oppose	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	0.0	91.3	8.7	100.0
Male	0.1	93.0	6.9	100.0
Female	0.0	89.3	10.7	100.0
20's	0.2	91.8	8.0	100.0
30's	0.0	93.3	6.7	100.0
40's	0.0	91.9	8.1	100.0
50's	0.0	87.5	12.5	100.0
60's or older	0.0	86.7	13.3	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	0.0	84.8	15.2	100.0
High School graduate	0.0	93.1	6.9	100.0
College or higher	0.2	95.2	4.6	100.0

31. What do you think the Yasukuni Shrine is? Choose one among following explanations that is the closest to your idea.

Group	Memorial place for the war dead	Symbol of Japanese militarism	A religious place	Don't have specific ideas	No response	Total
Overall	15.5	58.7	6.8	17.3	1.8	100.0
Male	14.8	64.3	6.9	12.4	1.6	100.0
Female	16.2	52.4	6.7	22.6	2.0	100.0
20's	15.6	61.9	6.3	15.7	0.5	100.0
30's	16.8	60.9	6.5	14.5	1.3	100.0
40's	16.2	56.7	7.3	18.2	1.6	100.0
50's	13.2	51.8	7.4	23.5	4.0	100.0
60's or older	12.3	56.4	7.2	19.5	4.6	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	13.4	44.2	7.6	30.6	4.2	100.0
High School graduate	17.1	58.1	8.1	15.5	1.2	100.0
College or higher	15.3	74.3	4.1	6.1	0.2	100.0

32. Do you think it is possible for China and Japan to overcome the problems of past history?

Group	Yes	No	Don't know/ No response	Total
Overall	53.2	45.7	1.0	100.0
Male	53.7	45.5	0.8	100.0
Female	52.7	46.0	1.3	100.0
20's	51.5	47.4	1.2	100.0
30's	49.5	49.8	0.7	100.0
40's	55.7	44.1	0.2	100.0
50's	57.0	41.5	1.5	100.0
60's or older	59.0	37.9	3.1	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	52.4	45.3	2.3	100.0
High School graduate	55.3	44.0	0.7	100.0
College or higher	51.2	48.6	0.2	100.0

33. What do you think is the most important element to solve the disputes over history? Please choose one from the following.

Group	Japan's apology acceptable to Chinese	Japan's reconsideration of its reparation	Joint history studies for resolving different perspectives	Changes in Chinese perspective on Japan	Comprehensive exchanges between the two peoples	Don't Know/ No response	Total
Overall	48.2	14.5	19.4	4.5	12.2	1.2	100.0
Male	46.8	14.0	20.8	4.1	13.1	1.1	100.0
Female	49.7	15.1	17.7	4.9	11.3	1.3	100.0
20's	41.9	13.2	20.9	5.8	17.8	0.5	100.0
30's	50.2	15.0	19.1	4.1	11.1	0.7	100.0
40's	48.8	13.2	19.8	5.3	11.5	1.4	100.0
50's	51.8	16.2	18.4	2.6	8.5	2.6	100.0
60's or older	54.4	18.5	15.9	2.6	6.2	2.6	100.0
Middle School gradueate or lower	48.2	16.0	17.1	3.9	12.1	2.6	100.0
High School graduate	49.7	15.4	18.5	4.2	11.2	1.0	100.0
College or higher	46.1	11.8	22.8	5.6	13.7	0.0	100.0

34. What do you think has shaped the basis of your historical perspective? Choose one among the following choices that you think has influenced you the most.